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Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences (SJMPS)
Volume-5 | Issue-11 | 1007-1014
Original Research Article
Nasal Anthropometry and the Validity of Neoclassical Nasal Canons in Adult Ibibios
Antai, Margaret Sylvester
Published : Nov. 29, 2019
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2019.v05i11.015
Abstract
The nose is the central element of the face and has well defined racial, sexual and environmental characteristics and differences. Anthropometric analysis in the context of each patient’s ethnic heritage forms the basis of an excellent result in rhinoplasty. Caucasian parameters have served as endpoints for nasal aesthetic and reconstructive surgery for centuries. As more non-Caucasians seek these surgeries, it has become evident that using a set of parameters cannot account for the great variability noted in people especially Africans. The objective of this study was to develop a reference for Ibibio nasal parameters which will guide reconstructive and aesthetic surgery and compare this with other ethnic groups in Nigeria and with other races. This was a prospective cross sectional community based study involving 200 males and 200 females aged 18-60 years, of Ibibio ethnic group in Akwa Ibom State, with no facial anomalies or history of facial surgery. Measurements were made with digital calipers and goniometers. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20, independent t-test used to assess sexual dimorphism with significance level of p<0.05. The nasal parameters assessed for males and females were: Nasal length(46.4±1.7mm and 46.1±1.6mm), Nasal width (44.1±1.6mm and 41.2±1.3mm), Nasal index (95.2±3.2 and 89.6±3.4), Ear length/Nasal length ( 0.8±0.5 and 0.8±0.1); Nasal width/intercanthal distance (1.2±0.0 and 1.2±0.0); Nasal width/Mouth width (0.8 and 0.8±0.1); Neoclassical cannons assessed as follows: Nasoaural Canon IV fits 6% males and 4.5% females, Naso-occular canon V was the least frequently validated, and fits 2.5% males and 3% females, Naso-oral Canon VII was most frequently validated and fits 13.5% males and 8% females. Ibibio nose is predominantly platyrrhine.
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