Climate change poses an existential threat to Indigenous communities worldwide, disproportionately impacting their socio-economic arena despite these groups contributing minimally to global emissions. Indigenous communities face chronic vulnerabilities exacerbated by climate-induced environmental transformations that directly undermine their traditional livelihoods, cultural integrity and economic well-being. The socio-economic vulnerability of Indigenous communities stems from their deep interconnection with natural environments, where traditional occupations remain fundamental to both economic sustenance and cultural identity. Climate change disrupts these nature-based livelihoods through increasing frequency of extreme weather events, shifting ecological cycles, biodiversity loss and resource scarcity. The economic consequences manifest through multiple pathways like declining agricultural productivity, fisheries depletion, and forest resource degradation directly reduce household incomes and food security. Forced livelihood transformations increasingly push Indigenous peoples into informal labor markets at the margins of expanding industrial economies, where they face heightened discrimination, exploitation and precarious working conditions. Women within Indigenous communities experience compounded vulnerabilities, confronting multiple discrimination forms while bearing primary responsibility for food production, water collection, and natural resource management. Thus, the paper is an attempt to explore the socio-economic impacts of climate change on indigenous communities. In short, safeguarding Indigenous socio-economic well-being in an era of climate change demands recognition that Indigenous peoples are not merely victims requiring protection, but knowledge-holders whose sustainable economic models and cultural approaches offer vital pathways toward equitable, effective climate solutions for all humanity.