The nasal cavity is the principal pathway for respiration and olfaction, combining protective and sensory functions. The anterior portion filters and shields against external particles, while the posterior region refines inspired air and mediates smell perception. In Unani medicine nasal health is associated with the balance of humors and temperament. This paper interlaces together Unani concepts with modern anatomic pathology to present a very useful and pedagogical resource. We present in detail the structure and function of the nasal cavity which also includes the complex issues of its relationship to and vulnerabilities in various pathologic conditions. Unani disease classification and pathophysiologic theories are put under the microscope to present that in fact they do in many cases parallel modern bio-medical understanding of inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic diseases. We look at acute catarrhal rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, epistaxis, and malignant tumors through the Unani medicine lens which also shows the very relevant role of humor-based etiologies for what are very common illnesses. This integrated approach we put forth adds to academic discussion, also has practical value for the clinician and educator and in turn helps to bridge the gap between traditional and modern systems of care.