Background: Non-medical oocyte cryopreservation (NMOC), also known as elective egg freezing, has become an established reproductive option that enables women to preserve fertility for social or personal reasons. Assessing women’s knowledge and attitudes toward NMOC is critical for enhancing awareness, supporting informed decision-making, and refining counseling practices. Objective: This literature review synthesizes current evidence regarding women’s knowledge, attitudes, and influencing factors related to NMOC, with particular emphasis on gaps identified among Saudi women. Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Medline Plus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published from 2020 to 2024. Of the 260 articles initially identified, 23 met the inclusion criteria. Each study was analysed based on its aim, setting, sample size, and key findings. Thematic synthesis was used to organize results into four main areas: knowledge and attitudes toward NMOC, factors influencing women’s decision-making, factors affecting attitudes, and sources of information. Results: The findings indicate that most women possess limited knowledge of NMOC, particularly concerning optimal age, success rates, and medical procedures. However, attitudes toward NMOC are generally positive, especially among highly educated, employed, and medically trained women. Variables such as age, marital status, education, income, fertility awareness, and cultural or religious beliefs significantly influence both knowledge and attitudes. Online resources and healthcare professionals are the primary sources of information shaping women’s understanding. Conclusion: Although global awareness of NMOC is increasing, significant gaps remain, particularly among Saudi women. Future research and culturally tailored educational initiatives are necessary to improve women’s reproductive literacy, facilitate informed choices, and support equitable access to fertility preservation counselling.