The review focused on recent patents between 2018 and 2023 that concern the use of green solvents that are relevant to the development of bio-based solvents, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents and supercritical fluids. It draws on data from global databases to identify progress toward sustainability, safety and industrial efficiency with reduced environmental impacts. The patents are categorized according to their type, applications and innovation, thereby highlighting emerging trends, research gaps and the role of intellectual property in driving sustainable chemistry solutions. Essentially, among other principles of green chemistry and circular economy, they are identified on the basis of their low toxic effects, biodegradability and renewable sourcing. These green solvents, however, are greener alternatives to more conventional petrochemical-based solvents in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, cosmetic, and other applications. A number of recent patents on chemical synthesis, extraction, and cleaning technologies highlight the environmental and industrial advantages of green solvents. This will consist of activity-specific ionic liquids, scalable bio-derived solvents and extremely efficient solvent recovery systems for improving the efficiency and sustainability of chemical processes. Despite challenges like cost, scalability and performance limitations, patents demonstrate opportunities to improve synthesis methods, develop multifunctional applications, and integrate green solvents into existing industrial systems. This review emphasizes the transformative potential of green solvents in fostering environmental sustainability and supporting a circular economy. Green solvents are helping reshape industrial practices and reduce toxic petrochemical solvent reliance while addressing global environmental and regulatory challenges.