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Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences (SJMPS)
Volume-3 | Issue-12 | 1411-1414
Original Research Article
Early Versus Delayed Treatment of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL) in Hearing Outcome
Tawfiqur Rahman, Mohammad Anowar Hossain, A. K. Al Miraj
Published : Dec. 30, 2017
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2017.v03i12.025
Abstract
Introduction: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is an audiologic emergency with an annual incidence of 5-20 per 100000. SSNHL is idiopathic most of the times however about 10-15% of cases are due to identifiable causes like Meniere's disease, trauma, autoimmune disease, infectious causes etc. Objective: To study the effect of early versus delayed treatment of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL) in hearing outcome. Methods: A retrospective study of patients with SSNHL was done from June 2016 to study the effect of early versus late treatment in hearing outcome in July 2017. Patients receiving treatment within 3 days of onset of symptoms were placed in early treatment group (ET) and those receiving treatment after 3 but within 7 days were placed in late treatment group (LT). Hearing outcome was assessed using pure tone average (PTA) and was carried out at presentation and then at 3,7,14 and 30 days after treatment. A mixed between and within subject design ANOVA test was used to analyze the results using SPSS 20.0. Results: There were 46 patients in ET group and 39 patients in LT group. Mean age of the study population was 36.37 years (SD-7.868). The M: F ratio was 0.39:1. There was a significant interaction between time and treatment group, Wilk's Lambda= 0.382, F (1.52, 79.196) 19.83, p <0.001, partial eta squared =0.541. There was a substantial main effect of time, F (1.52, 79.196) = 180.36, p <0.001, partial eta squared 0.776 suggesting significant improvement of hearing levels with time. The main effect comparing early and late treatment groups was also significant, F (1,52) = 5.799, p=0.02, partial eta squared = 0.100 suggesting significant difference in hearing levels in between the two treatment groups. Conclusion: Onset of treatment after the initial symptom significantly affects the outcome of hearing improvement in SSNHL. There are higher chances of improving if treatment is started within 3 days of onset of symptoms.
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