Several NPs are being protect plants from various environmental stresses and encourage plant growth. Plant extract-mediated AuNP synthesis has drawn a lot of interest in this field since it can produce AuNPs effective results. AuNPs have better biocompatibility without harboring hazardous chemicals. The physical properties of nanoparticles, such as size, chemical makeup, surface charge, and surface modification, influence the absorption and transportation processes. Applying nanoparticles can assist plants in reducing abiotic stressors. Silver, gold, and other metallic nanoparticles have been produced using a variety of bacterial species. Some strains Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus were used to create AgNPs with antibacterial qualities. The exogenous NP administration allows plants to maintain their photosynthetic efficiency under DS while also stabilizing the ultra-structure of the mitochondria and chloroplasts. The application of SiO2 NPs to the leaves enhanced the elasticity and expansion of the cucumber's cell wall during the growth period and increased the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the leaves, thereby reducing the salt stress on cucumber plants. Silver nanoparticles are formed by natural biomolecules present in plants, including proteins, enzymes, amino acids, polysaccharides, alkaloids, alcoholic chemicals, and vitamins. Additionally, nanoparticles have different effects on seed germination and plant growth as they move throughout the plant body.