ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | March 28, 2024
Prevalence of Ear and Nasal Diseases in Bangladeshi Patients
Dr. Md. Mahmudur Rahman, Dr. Sabina Parveen, Dr. Sabrina Sarah Alam
Page no 196-199 |
DOI: 10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i03.010
Background: The magnitude of health problems related to ear and nose in Bangladesh has not been estimated in a larger scale and very little is known about the prevalence and types of ENT diseases. Commonest cause of hearing impairment in our country is middle ear infection. Conductive type of deafness mostly occurs due to otitis media with or without its complications. Goal of primary health eare services is to achieve "Sound hearing by 2030" will never be achieved if we could not find out possible association of middle ear disease with other health conditions. Objective: To determine the prevalence of ear and nasal diseases in Bangladeshi patients. Methods: Two hundred patients complaining of middle ear discharge and or nasal symptoms were included in this study, to see the association of COM with nasal disorders. This cross sectional study was conducted in Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2012 to June 2014.Sample was taken by purposive sampling. Sample was divided into four groups as exposed and diseased, exposed and not diseased, not exposed diseased and not exposed and not diseased. Results: Two hundred patients were studied in the department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery of Dhaka Medical College Hospital complaining of either COM or Sinonasal disease. Among them 107 were female and 93 were male and male female ratio was 1:1.15. On analyzing age distribution it was ranging from 10 years to 50 years with mean age 30±7.86% clustering around 25 years. This study revealed that 65 % of COM is in the age group of 10-30 years. Conclusion: A study on the prevalence of the Ear Nose throat and Head and Neck diseases in developing country like Bangladesh can provide basic data which can be relevant and beneficial to the development of medical ENT curriculum in the regional setup and subsequent medical practice.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | March 28, 2024
A Clinical Study on Feto-maternal Outcome of Severe Pre-eclamptic Patient
Dr. Roksana Nazim, Dr. Rezoyana Nazim, Dr. Syeda Meherunnesa, Dr. Tahmina Akter
Page no 138-147 |
DOI: 10.36348/sijog.2024.v07i03.009
Background: Pre-eclampsia is a multisystem disorder of pregnancy characterized by Hypertension and proteinuria. It is a common pregnancy related disorder that originates in the placenta and causes variable maternal and fetal problems. Objective: To find out the feto-maternal outcome of severe pre-eclamptic patient. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study among the pregnant woman who were admitted with severe pre-eclampsia in labour and in antenatal ward in the hospital during the study period in Department of Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka from July 2015 to January 2016. A total of 50 pregnant women with severe pre-eclampsia were included in the study. After detailed history, clinical examination, blood pressure measurement and bedside urinary protein levels, patients were diagnosed as severe pre-eclampsia. The data were analyzed by SPSS. Results: Commonest age group of the patients suffering from severe pre-eclampsia was found to be ranging from 15-35 years of age and the mean age was 26 years. Majority of the study, patients were primiparous (56%) coming from rural areas (56%). Literacy has a great impact on the incidence of pre-eclampsia which was reflected from the study of educational status. The study revealed that 40% of patients were under secondary school level and only 28% of them were graduates or above HSC. Data was collected regarding their occupation, which showed 80% of them were house-wives and 12% were day laborer. Most of them gave a positive family history of hypertension and 32% of them gave no relevant history. Incidence of antenatal care was assessed which showed majority (60%) were on irregular antenatal care which again contributes to the progress of severity of the disease. 92% of severe pre-eclamptic patients were found to be present in last trimester. Blood pressure levels were assessed and 80% of patients had systolic pressure more than 160 mmHg and 76% had diastolic pressure more than 110 mmHg. Among the various symptoms of severe pre-eclampsia most common symptom were Oedema (76%), headache (40%), epigastric pain (12%) and Insomnia (32%). Study of blood biochemistry levels showed high levels of uric acid (72%) and raised serum creatinine levels (26%). Caesarean section rate was found to be extremely high. 72% of the patients underwent caesarean section and rest was delivered vaginally. Overall neonatal outcome was- healthy babies 40%, premature 20%, IUGR 20% and IUD was 8%. Most of them had average birth weight (56%). And overall maternal outcome was Eclampsia 4%, HELLP Syndrome 4%, Abruptio placenta 4%, Renal Insufficiency2% and maternal death 2%. Conclusion: The incidence of morbidity and mortality related to sever pre-eclampsia are remarkably higher in developing countries like Bangladesh. Therefore, measures should be taken to control this deadly condition through Behavioral Change Communication (BCC) regarding antenatal care, danger signs, delivery plan etc. involving public and private sector.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | March 27, 2024
Interdisciplinary Case-Based Teaching Promoting the Integration of Physical Education and Health Curriculum in China
Katherine Ning Li
Page no 53-58 |
DOI: 10.36348/jaspe.2024.v07i03.003
Against the backdrop of quality education, integrating physical education and health courses in China has been regarded as essential to fostering students' comprehensive development. This study explores leveraging interdisciplinary case-based teaching to promote the in-depth integration and fusion of physical education and health courses in China. The research systematically reviews the theoretical foundations of integrating physical education and health courses, interdisciplinary teaching, and case-based teaching methods in China. The study summarizes the comprehensive cases for conducting interdisciplinary case-based teaching while also pointing out the challenges in the implementation process, such as teachers' professional development lag, deficiencies in the evaluation system, and the scarcity of high-quality case resources. Finally, the study proposes strategies and recommendations in management, teacher development, and evaluation for promoting integrating physical education and health courses through interdisciplinary case-based teaching. This research provides a new practical path for optimizing physical education and health courses in China. It offers valuable insights for the integration of other disciplines, possessing both theoretical value and practical significance.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | March 27, 2024
"Eventful": Revolutionizing Event Management through Technology Integration and User-Centered Design
Adekunbi H. Bello
Page no 173-191 |
DOI: 10.36348/sjet.2024.v09i03.008
The paper presents the development and analysis of "Eventful," an innovative event management system designed to streamline the planning process and enhance the connection between event organizers (customers) and service providers (vendors). By integrating technology advancements from the late 20th century to the present, including the internet, social media, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, "Eventful" offers a comprehensive solution to the challenges of event management. The platform allows for direct communication, efficient vendor selection, and centralized planning, aiming to improve the overall efficiency and experience of organizing events. The research methodology includes qualitative interviews and surveys to identify user requirements and inform system design, ensuring that "Eventful" addresses the specific needs of its users effectively.
REVIEW ARTICLE | March 27, 2024
Significance of Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Carcinoma- A Complete Review
Dr. Muthu Venkat T, Dr. Vijayalakshmi, Dr. Pramila
Page no 71-74 |
DOI: 10.36348/sjpm.2024.v09i03.003
The microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) colorectal tumors recently have been reported that can benefit from immunotherapy, and MSI can be used as a genetic instability of a tumor detection index. Many studies have shown that there are many heterogeneous phenomena in patients with MSI tumors in terms of immunotherapy, prognosis and chemotherapy sensitivity. Here we mainly review the research results of MSI detection methods, its mechanisms, occurrence and its relationship with related tumors, aiming in such a way for brief analysis of the micro satellite instability. Microsatellites (MS) are the repeated sequences of DNA that play an important role in maintaining the tissue morphology. Any mutation of the DNA or chromosomes, lead to the instability of the microsatellites, thereby causing the microsatellite instability. There are three types of microsatellite instability (MSI). High microsatellite instability (MSI-H), low microsatellite instability (MSI-L) and microsatellite stability (MSS). Recent clinical research tends to classify MSS-L and MSS as similar. Microstaellite instability plays an important role in colorectal carcinoma. Based on different molecular mechanisms, MSI in colorectal cancer can be divided into colorectal cancer (CRC) with no obvious family genetic history and Lynch syndrome with non-polyposis with family genetic history. Lynch syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder and syndrome caused by mutations in MMR strains, and it can also cause tumors in other parts of the colon and rectum. With the recent development of MSI detection technology and immunosuppressant in tumor therapy, researchers found that MSI-H tumors respond well to immunotherapy. There are several methods to detect the microsatellite instability. 1. Next Generation sequencing (NGS), 2. Fluoresence multiplex PCR and capillary electrophoresis. 3. Immunohistochemistry. 4. Single molecule- molecular inversion probes (SmMIP). The main mechanism of MSI includes, Slipped strand mispairing, MMR deficient.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | March 27, 2024
What a Study on the Thoughts and Beliefs in Assessments Reveals About Our Thinking on Summative and Formative Assessment
Maddalena Taras, Sana A. M. Almansoori, Mark S. Davies
Page no 185-196 |
DOI: 10.36348/jaep.2024.v08i03.006
Assessment’s increasing prominence in educational discourses and practices, especially in the past 20 years, has not always resulted in increasing clarity as to what the new terms in vogue actually mean. Questions include: does carrying out formative assessment really mean that we have to duplicate assessment; is summative assessment inevitably linked to problems and negative perceptions, as the UK’s National Student Survey results seem to indicate; are summative and formative assessment different beasts or are they two sides of the same coin as Scriven (1967) noted when he made the original distinction; is assessment really our weakest link? By asking questions to ascertain tutor beliefs and understandings, we clarify the areas where these misunderstandings arise in a Bahraini context. This work builds on research in different contexts which similarly found that the clarity of our assessment understandings is tainted by contradictions in the literature. The questionnaire used here asked neutral questions on assessment and collected both quantitative and qualitative data. Several responses were consistent, all: used formative assessment, associated it with feedback, which appears essential in their perception, and almost all valued theory. However, inconsistencies were in: definitions of formative and summative assessment, their functions and uses, and the relationship between them. How we interpret the results, to some degree, reflects our epistemological and theoretical positions; even though most of the data were unambiguous. By questioning our own beliefs, we found that we are not immune to our emotions and hopes influencing our interpretations.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | March 27, 2024
Analysis of Politeness Strategies from the Perspective of the Interpersonal Function of Language in Systemic Functional Grammar
Ying Hu, Yuan Zhou
Page no 96-100 |
DOI: 10.36348/sijll.2024.v07i03.006
Politeness strategies play a crucial role in maintaining social harmony and establishing interpersonal relationships. The interpersonal function of language in Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) provides a framework to analyze how language is used to interact with others. Our research aims to analyze the interpersonal functions of politeness strategies in conversation from the perspective of mood, modality, and person in SFG, with a focus on politeness theory, face theory, and politeness strategies. It shows how language is used to manage social relationships and establish social hierarchies in communication, and how understanding politeness strategies can help communicate more effectively and respectfully in different contexts.